Gems
Gemstones run all through Tolkien's writing: crystal and emerald, pearl and diamond, ruby and sapphire, along with opaque stones like jade and turquoise, each with its place among the peoples of Middle-earth.
Gemstones run all through Tolkien's writing, and most of the familiar kinds have a place in it. Crystals, most likely a clear sort of quartz, appear in the crystal-studded belt that came with the Mithril Coat. Emeralds, the green crystalline beryl, were favoured among the Elves of Middle-earth. Pearls, grown in shellfish, were what Thingol gave the Dwarves of Belegost for their work on Menegroth. Diamonds, carbon put under great pressure, are what the old word adamant refers to. Rubies and sapphires, the red and the blue forms of corundum, turn up as well, and opaque stones such as jade and turquoise serve in jewellery.
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